This section emphasizes the miniaturization of analytical and bioanalytical tools for specifically meeting Navy needs. Integration of microelectronics, microlithography, analytical detection methodology, and microfluidics are combined to develop novel chemical sensing devices. Microfluidic systems and structures are designed on miniaturized microchip platforms to completely encompass a typical analytical separations laboratory, including extraction, preconcentration, injection, separation, pre- and post-column derivatization and detection techniques. Basic research understanding of the electrical double layer in microfluidic to nanofluidic systems is being developed in order to create high pressure electrokinetic pumping systems suitable for high pressure valving and actuation applications on microchips. Research is also being performed on the development of optical chromatography and the utilization of optical trapping for the separation of molecules based on both size and refractive index.
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